Basics

Go variables, types, functions, and scope.

Go uses camelCase by convention. Variables are statically typed, and the := operator infers types.

Comments

// Single-line comment
/* Multi-line comment */

Variables

// Short declaration (inside functions)
name := "Ada"       // string
age := 30           // int
price := 9.99       // float64
active := true      // bool

// var declaration (package or function level)
var name string = "Ada"
var count int

Zero Values

Uninitialized variables get zero values: 0 for ints, "" for strings, false for bools, nil for pointers/slices/maps/channels.

Constants

const Pi = 3.14159
const (
    StatusOK    = 200
    StatusError = 500
)

Functions

func greet(name string) string {
    return "Hello, " + name
}

// Multiple return values
func divide(a, b int) (int, error) {
    if b == 0 {
        return 0, errors.New("division by zero")
    }
    return a / b, nil
}

// Named returns
func coords() (x, y int) {
    x, y = 10, 20
    return
}

Scope

Package level — var and func declarations visible within the package
Function level — := creates function-scoped variables
Block level — variables inside {} blocks

Next: Conditions & Switches